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Steel is a very useful material that is utilized in a multitude of applications. Steel is a component in over 55% of all cars. The kind of alloys used to manufacture it determines its flexibility, as they affect the quality, durability, and strength. The method in which metal is cooled can have significant effects on its microstructure, and consequently its overall properties. It is possible to manipulate it to obtain specific characteristics like machinability yielding strength, and corrosion resistance.
In its simplest form the term steel refers to iron that has been alloyed with various elements to enhance its physical properties and make it suitable for particular uses. The proportions of these additional alloying elements determine what steel type it belongs to, and consequently its overall performance in various applications.
For instance stainless is composed of a minimum 11 percent chrome. This makes it resistant against corrosion. This property makes it suitable for a variety of kitchen utensils and cutlery. Tool steel is a preferred material because of its high hardness and resistance to scratching. It is also used to hand tools and machine dies. Carbon steels can also be adapted to a variety of applications due to their high ductility. Electrical steel on the other hand, is an example of a very specialized grade of steel that contains silicon (typically 3percent). This increases its magnetic properties, as well as reducing losses from eddy-current. It is therefore ideal for transformer cores and laminations of electric motors.
